Across Asia

One sacred world, many remarkable lives.

Himavanta traveled through Pāli stories, Sanskrit and Chinese texts, Khmer architecture, Thai cosmography, Tibetan and Burmese traditions, Sri Lankan painting, and Japanese maps. Every place added something of its own.

Travel through the centuries
Tall detailed Japanese Buddhist map in muted reds, blues, greens, and black ink.
1828 · Kyoto University Library, Muroga Collection RB00022886 Tenjiku yochizu Tenjiku yochizu (1828), Kyoto University Library, Muroga Collection RB00022886. Kyoto University Library free-license terms · view original record

Choose a time or place and discover how mountains, waters, creatures, and routes were remembered there.

Across Asia

Jātaka Story Worlds of Himavanta

Explore seven lakes, elephant kingdoms, rivers, hermitages, golden birds, and many distinct forest landscapes.

Received Pāli Jātaka commentary

Across Asia

Three Indic Visions of Anavatapta

Compare three precise lake worlds of mountains, rivers, dimensions, lotuses, nāga kings, and difficult approaches.

c. 140 CE manuscript account; later Indic editions

Across Asia

Thai Himmapan Creatures in Royal and Monastic Funerals

A chronological guide to stationary Meru populations, monumental paired processions, atelier invention, modern royal-crematorium landscapes, and Northern Thai Nok Hatsadiling rites.

Late Ayutthaya to the twenty-first century

Across Asia

Kandyan Murals of Lake Anotatta

Visit painted Himalayan water worlds at Dambulla, Kottimbulvala, and Mulkirigala in eighteenth-century Sri Lanka.

Eighteenth-century Sri Lanka

Across Asia

Lokappadīpakasāra: Inside a Medieval Pāli Cosmos

A close guide to the compendium’s vast Himavanta, seven lakes, five peaks, self-preparing Paccekabuddha residence, river machine, elephant kingdom, and cosmic destruction.

Medieval Pāli cosmographic compendium